No longer chain, shackle
The facility now has an isolation room, she said, so they no longer chain or shackle patients.
Galuh is also able to afford to in bring in doctors and nurses, medicine and modern psychiatric techniques. Even so, providing medication is still a struggle. The HRW report highlighted the lack of facilities and services to mentally ill patients in Indonesia, a problem the government acknowledged.
“We realized it, because of our effort in helping and reaching at the moment is not yet able to cover all,” said Dr. Fidiansyah, director of prevention and mental health control from the Indonesian health ministry.
Fidiansyah added that geography is also a reason why mental health patients cannot always get proper medical services.The practice of shackling was found in very remote areas, where access to transportation and mental health facilities is limited. Among Indonesia’s 34 provinces, eight have no mental hospitals.
Of the country’s 48 mental hospitals, half are located on the most populous island of Java.
Government efforts
The Indonesian government said it has launched a campaign to end shackling by 2017.
The national parliament also recently passed legislation on the rights of the mentally ill.
Officials said they are trying to spread the word on the new health law to make people realize that shackling is forbidden and that those who still do it can be charged with a crime.
Indonesia is also sending teams of workers into often-remote hamlets to help free patients kept in chains and ensure they get the medical treatment they need.
Yet, mental illness education and awareness are still lacking among the family members of many patients.
Social stigmas Nahar, director of social rehabilitation for Indonesian Social Ministry, said families struggle with a family member's mental illness because of social stigmas. Nahar said many also still believe the mentally ill are possessed by demons or under the influence of black magic.
Some patients who show improvement are not always welcomed back by their family or society.
“Family acceptance is one of our problems. When [a mentally ill patient] is ready to go home, but the family has rejected [them], that’s a problem for us,” Mardiana said.
Even if family acceptance isn't an issue, Mardiana said patients are returned to Galuh because of the lack of acceptance by neighbors.
Social Ministry's Nahar said he is optimistic the country will have a better system in place by next year to help the mentally ill and disabled. "So this two years we are going to do socialization through a stop-shackling campaign and we will maintain that all institutions related to mental disability people or fulfillment effort of mental disability people can be working effectively all around Indonesia,” Nahar said.
The United Nations adopted the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in late 2006, which calls on countries to promote, protect and ensure full human rights and freedoms by all persons with long-term disabilities – physical, mental, intellectual or sensory.
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